EL CÁNCER DE MAMA HEREDITARIO
Resumen
importancia del CM como problema de saludpública se refleja en el hecho de que cerca de
trescientas mil mujeres mueren por esta enfermedad
cada año en el mundo(1). En los Estados Unidos de
Norteamérica (EUA) el CM se incrementó de una
manera sostenida desde 1930 con un aumento
promedio de 1.2% por año(2). En ese país el CM
representa el 32% de todos los cánceres incidentes y
como consecuencia de esto, 50,000 mujeres mueren
anualmente. Sin embargo, estudios recientes revelan
una disminución en la mortalidad en los últimos
años(3). Aunque se piensa que el aumento en la frecuencia es debido al
envejecimiento de la población y al advenimiento de mejores métodos de diagnóstico
(especialmente la mamografía). También se reconoce el papel que pueden jugar
cambios en el medio ambiente y en el estilo de vida, en el incremento de la frecuencia
del CM. Por otro lado, algunos de estos mismos factores y la aparición de mejores
alternativas de tratamiento, se han postulado como responsables de la disminución en
la mortalidad(4).
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