INCREMENTO DE LA EXPRESIÓN DE TLR4 Y EFECTO ANTIOXIDANTE DEL ÁCIDO ACETILSALICÍLICO EN CONEJOS CON DIETA ALTA EN GRASAS

Ana Elenka Ortíz-Reyes; C. Marissa Calderón-Torres

doi:10.29105/respyn16.2-1

Autores/as

Ana Elenka Ortíz-Reyes Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México
C. Marissa Calderón-Torres Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Tlalnepantla, Estado de México, México

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29105/respyn16.2-1

Resumen

Introducción: La obesidad y el desarrollo de enfermedades hepáticas que se caracterizan por el aumento y acumulación de lípidos en tejidos y sangre, inflamación y estrés oxidante, son actualmente una epidemia mundial, y en la población mexicana es cada vez mayor el número de jóvenes afectados. Este aumento ha conducido a la investigación médica hacia la detección temprana del síndrome metabólico, que se emplea como indicador de síntomas que pueden ser de riesgo para la salud y conducir a enfermedades hepáticas. Objetivo: Los objetivos del presente trabajo fueron: evaluar en un modelo de dislipidemia en conejos jóvenes alimentados con una dieta alta en grasa (ácido palmítico al 20%), la producción de especies reactivas del oxígeno y cambios en la expresión de genes TLR4, COX2y de IL-1β como marcadores de inflamación y de estrés oxidante, así como evaluar el efecto del ácido acetilsalicílico en la producción de radicales libres y en la expresión de estos genes. Resultados: En los conejos alimentados con exceso de grasa aumentaron los niveles de triglicéridos (p<0.05), la expresión de TLR4 y las especies reactivas del oxígeno, aunque éstas últimas no de forma significativa. La administración de ácido acetilsalicílico en dosis antiinflamatorias disminuyó la producción de especies reactivas del oxígeno y la expresión de TLR4. Discusión: La ingesta elevada de grasa en conejos jóvenes por un período corto de tiempo conduce a la dislipidemia y a la sobreexpresión de TLR4, gen clave de la respuesta inflamatoria y vinculada al aumento de las especies reactivas del oxígeno. Los resultados indican que el ácido acetilsalicílico tiene efecto antioxidante.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The obesity and liver diseases progression are characterized by the increase and accumulation of lipids in tissues and blood, inflammation and oxidative stress. These diseases are now a worldwide epidemic, and the number of young people affected is increasing in the Mexican population. This increase has led to medical research towards the early detection of the metabolic syndrome, which is used as an indicator of symptoms that may be at risk for health and lead to liver disease. Objective: The objectives of the present study were to evaluate in a model of dyslipidemia in young rabbits fed three months with a diet high in fat (20% palmitic acid), the production of reactive oxygen species and changes in TLR4, COX2 and IL-1β gene expression, as markers of inflammation and oxidative stress; also to evaluate the effect of acetylsalicylic acid on the production of free radicals and on the expression of these genes. Results: In rabbits fed with excess of fat, significantly increased the levels of triglycerides (p<0.05), TLR4 expression, and reactive oxygen species, although in the latter, not significantly. The administration of acetylsalicylic acid in anti-inflammatory doses decreased the production of reactive oxygen species and the expression of TLR4. Discussion: The high fat intake in young rabbits lead to dyslipidemia and overexpression of TLR4, a key gene in the inflammatory response and linked to the increase of reactive oxygen species. The results indicate that acetylsalicylic acid has an antioxidant effect

Palabras Clave:Obesidad, dislipidemia, inflamación, estrés oxidante, hígado graso no alcohólico (HGNA),

Obesity, dyslipidemia, inflammation, oxidative stress, non-alcoholic fatty liver (HGNA)

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