RIESGOS ENTOMOLOGICOS ASOCIADOS A AGUAS CONTAMINADAS
Abstract
El Río Pesquería representa uno de los sistemas acuáticos más importantes en Nuevo León, sin embargo las aguas residuales domesticas e industriales han acarreando una gran cantidad de contaminantes provocando serios trastornos ecológicos, como consecuencia se generan condiciones favorables para la proliferación de algunos insectos y patógenos con importancia en salud publica representando factores de riesgo para la comunidad; por lo cual el objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los géneros/especies de dípteros acuáticos ubicados como un factor de riesgo de enfermedades para la población humana. Esta investigación se llevo a cabo de Mayo de 2001 a Mayo 2002, introduciendo una red bentónica en seis sitios de muestreo, posteriormente los insectos fueron separados, registrado su densidad e identificados en el laboratorio; se encontraron
10 familias de dípteros acuáticos de las cuales Chironomidae, Culicidae y Psychodidae representaron un factor de riesgo para la salud. La familia Chironomidae predomino (99.477%), siendo la especie mas común Chironomus plumosus, este mosquito esta relacionado con enfermedades del sistema respiratorio; Culicidae en segundo lugar (0.365%), estuvo integrada por Anophelespseudopunctipennis vector de la Malaria y cuatro especies del género Culex las cuales están involucradas como transmisoras de encefalitis; en tercer lugar Psychodidae (0.075 %), con Psychoda sp como su representante.
Palabras Clave : Factores de riesgo, contaminación de agua, dipteros acuáticos
risk factor, water pollution, aquatic dipterans
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