MECANISMOS DE ADHESIÓN AL TRACTO INTESTINAL Y ANTAGONISMO DE Bifidobacterium
Abstract
El género Bifidobacterium está integrado por bacilos Gram positivos que forman parte de la microflora normal del tracto intestinal de mamíferos. Como probiótico, uno de los beneficios que ofrecen estas bacterias, es inhibir la adhesión de patógenos en el intestino, tanto en humanos como en animales. Sin embargo, el mecanismo no está bien establecido. Las bacterias patógenas poseen proteínas de superficie tipo lectina, llamadas adhesinas, con las que reconocen carbohidratos (receptores) en la mucosa y/o epitelio. Dentro de ese reconocimiento también están involucradas interacciones de tipo hidrofílico e hidrofóbico. Mediante este mecanismo se adhieren y colonizan el tracto intestinal. En los microorganismos probióticos, la presencia de adhesinas, su papel en la colonización y desplazamiento de bacterias patógenas en el intestino empieza a investigarse.
Palabras clave: Bifidobacterium, probiotico, tracto intestinal
Bifidobacterium, probiotic, intestinal tract
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