COMPARACIÓN DE CUATRO INSTRUMENTOS UTILIZADOS EN LA EVALUACIÓN DE LOS TRASTORNOS POR DÉFICIT DE ATENCIÓN E HIPERACTIVIDAD
Abstract
Introducción: se revisan hitos históricos en la evolución de los TDAH hasta la situación actual. Objetivo: El objetivo del estudio fue analizar 4instrumentos que puedan utilizarse como tamizaje para que permita menor tiempo y costo en la identificación delos TDAH en escuelas primarias y secundarias Material y métodos: Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 116 escuelas de educación básica con el criterio de inclusión de contar con 20 o más alumnos para diversas mediciones, entre ellas, instrumentos y pruebas para detectar TDAH. Por razones de edad se eliminaron para este estudio 35 escuelas preescolares, se incluyeron 56 primarias y 25 secundarias. Se evaluaron 1 742 de primaria y 798 de secundaria, 1 193 y 556 hombres, mismo orden. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron: opinión de los docentes (probables TDAH), Figura de Rey-Osterrieth, (FRO) Cancelación visual de Mesulam (CV) y Conners para maestros. Los encuestadores seleccionaron un grupo control. Se cruzaron las variables entre sí. Resultados: los instrumentos coincidentes fueron FRO ≤ de 70 y opinión de los docentes y FRO≥ 80 con controles. Conclusión: La opinión de los docentes y/o la FRO pueden ser útiles para el tamizaje en los TDAH.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Milestones are reviewed in the development of ADHD to the current situation. Objectives: The aim of the study was to analyze 4 instruments that can be used as a screening to allow less time and cost models in identifying ADHD in primary and secondary schools. Methods: 116 were randomly selected primary schools with the inclusion criteria of having 20 or more students for various measurements, including instruments and testing for ADHD. For reasons of age were removed for this study 35 preschools, 56 primary and 25 secondary included. They were evaluated 1 742 primary and 798 secondary schools, 1 193 and 556 men, same order. The instruments used were opinion of teachers (probable ADHD), Figure of Rey-Osterrieth, (FRO) visual Cancellation of Meshullam (CV) and Conners teacher. Pollsters selected a control group. The variables together crossed. Results: Matching instruments were FRO ≤ 70 and opinion of teachers and controls FRO≥ 80. Conclusions: The opinion of teachers and / or the FRO may be useful for screening for ADHD.
Palabras Clave: escolares, educación básica, trastornos por déficit de atención e hiperactividad, School, basic education, attention deficit disorders and hyperactivity
Downloads
References
American Psychiatric Association 1968. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-II), 2nd ed. Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.
American Psychiatric Association 1987. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-III). Third edition Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.
American Psychiatric Association 1994. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV). Fourth Edition Washington, D.C.: American Psychiatric Association.
Biederman, J., Newcorn, J., Sprich, S. 1991. Comorbidity of attention deficit disorder with conduct, depressive, anxiety and other disorder. Am. J Psychiatry; 148(5): 564 -577.
Cahill, B.S. (s/f). Prevalence of ADHD, its subtypes, and comorbidity subtype difference in adult prison inmates. University of Colorado at Colorado Springs. Recuperado el 12 de octubre de 2015 en:http://www.uccs.edu/Documents/psych/exampleMAthesis.pdf
Castroviejo, I.P. 2009 Síndrome de déficit de atención- hiperactividad,4a. ed., Madrid: Ediciones Díaz de Santos.
Félix-Mateo V. 2006 Recursos para el diagnóstico psicopedagógico del TDAH y comorbilidades. Revista Electrónica de Investigación Psicoeducativa; 10, 4(3): 623-642.
Fernando, K, Chard, L, Butcher, M, McKay, C. (2003) Standarisation of the Rey complex figure test in New Zealand children and adolescents. New Zealand Journal of Psychology 32 (1): 33¬-38.
Franke, B, Faraone, S.V., Asherson, P-, Buitelaar, J.,Bau, CH. Ramos-Quiroga, J.A. et al.2012. The genetics of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adults, a review, Mol Psychiatry; 17 10:960-987.
Kahn, E., Cohen, L.H. 1934 Organic driveness: A brain stem syndrome and an experience, N Eng. J Med; 210: 748-756.
Keenan, H.T., Hall, G.C., Marshall, S.W 2008. Early head injury and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: retrospective cohort study; 337: (1984) © BMJ.
Lange, K. W., Reichl, S., Tucha, L., Tucha, V. 2010 the history of attention deficit disorder: Attendeficdisord. Dec. 2 (4) s 241-255 published online Nov. 30 doi 10.1007/s12402-010-0045-8
Lowes, R.2013 Jul 15MedscapeNews, Pathology & Lab Medicine, FirstBrain–Wave Test for ADHD approved by FDA.
Menéndez, B. I. (2001), Trastornos de déficit de atención con hiperactividad: Clínica y diagnóstico, Revista de Psiquiat y Psicol Niño y Adolesc.; 4(1): 92-102.
Morán, S.I., Navarro, M.F., Robles, S.F., Concepción, S.A. 2008.Validez del diagnóstico clínico del trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad en las derivaciones de pediatría a la consulta de psiquiatría infantil. Aten. Primaria; 40 (1): 29-33.
Pelsser, L.M.J., Frankena, K., Toorman, J., Savelkoul, H.F.J.,
Rodrigues, R., Buitelaar, J.K. 2009.A randomized controlled trial into the effects of food on ADHD. Eur. Child Adolesc Psychiatry 18(1):12-19.
Rao, P.A., Landa, R.J. 2014 Association between severity of behavioral phenotype and comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorders. Autism; 18(3):227-280.
Sax, L., Kautz, K.J. 2003. Who first suggests the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivitydisorder? Ann Fam. Med; 1(3).1:171-174
Valenzuela, R., Luengas, J., Marquet, L. 1983 Manual de pediatría, 10a.ed., Nueva Editorial Interamericana, 635- 643.
Vásquez, J, Feria, M., Palacios, L., De la Peña, F. (2010). Guía clínica para el trastorno negativista desafiante. México: Secretaría de Salud, © Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz. Recuperado el 23 de diciembre de 2015 en: http://www.inprf-cd.gob.mx/guiasclinicas/trastorno_negativista.pdf
Willcut, E.G. 2012.The prevalence of DSM-IV Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic Review. Neurotherapeutics; 9(3):490-499.s. 2012 Jul; 9(3): 490–499.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
The rights of the work belong to the author or authors, however, by sending it for publication in the Public Health and Nutrition Magazine of the Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition of the Autonomous University of Nuevo León, they grant the right for its first publication in between electronic, and possibly, in print to the Public Health and Nutrition Magazine. The license used is the Creative Commons attribution, which allows third parties to use what is published whenever the authorship of the work is mentioned and the first publication that is in the Public Health and Nutrition Magazine. Likewise, the author or authors will take into account that it will not be allowed to send the publication to any other journal, regardless of the format. The authors will be able to make other independent and additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the article published in the Public Health and Nutrition Magazine (e.g., institutional repository or publication in a book) provided they clearly state that The work was published for the first time in the Public Health Magazine, Magazine of the Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition of the Autonomous University of Nuevo León.
