Barriers and facilitators for the malaria elimination. A narrative review of the literature.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29105/respyn22.2-722Keywords:
malaria, Communicable Disease Control, Disease EradicationAbstract
Introduction: Despite being a preventable and curable disease, malaria continues to be a public health problem. Objective: Identify barriers and facilitators to malaria elimination. Material and method: Between 2019 and 2020, literature available in Pubmed and LILACS databases was reviewed; a matrix was made for the organization and subsequent analysis of the information. Results: In total, 57 articles were selected showing as barriers, the lack of human, technical and economic resources, vector resistance to pharmacological management, parasitic and vector diversity and human mobility between endemic regions. Strategies such as integrated vector management, dynamic stratification of the disease, timely detection and management and adequate epidemiological surveillance were repeatedly mentioned as facilitators. Conclusion: It is necessary to identify the social, epidemiological and political reality at the regional level in order to personalize and sustain elimination strategies.
Downloads
References
Abeyasinghe, R. R., Galappaththy, G. N. L., Gueye, C. S., Kahn, J. G., & Feachem, R. G. A. (2012). Malaria Control and Elimination in Sri Lanka: Documenting Progress and Success Factors in a Conflict Setting. PLoS ONE. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043162
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0043162
Aborode, A. T., David, K. B., Uwishema, O., Nathaniel, A. L., Imisioluwa, J. O., Onigbinde, S. B., & Farooq, F. (2021). Fighting covid-19 at the expense of malaria in Africa: The consequences and policy options. In American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (Vol. 104, Issue 1, pp. 26–29). DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-1181
https://doi.org/10.4269/AJTMH.20-1181
Alba Soto, C. (2019). Elimination of indigenous malaria in Argentina: history of a struggle and the risk of forgetting. Revista Argentina de Microbiología, 51(4), 289–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2019.11.001 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ram.2019.11.001
Alho, R. M., Vinícius, K., Machado, A., Val, F. F. A., Fraiji, N. A., Alexandre, M. A. A., Melo, G. C., Recht, J., Siqueira, A. M., Monteiro, W. M., & Lacerda, M. V. G. (2017). Alternative transmission routes in the malaria elimination era: an overview of transfusion-transmitted malaria in the Americas. Malar J, 16, 78. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1726-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1726-y
Altaf A. Lal et al. (2019). Malaria elimination: Using past and present experience to make malaria-free India by 2030. J Vector Borne Dis, 60–65. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.257777
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31070168/
Arevalo-Herrera, M., Quiñones, M. L., Guerra, C., Céspedes, N., Giron, S., Ahumada, M., Piñeros, J. G., Padilla, N., Terrientes, Z., Rosas, Á., Padilla, J. C., Escalante, A. A., Beier, J. C., & Herrera, S. (2012). Malaria in selected non-Amazonian countries of Latin America. Acta Tropica, 121(3), 303–314. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.06.008
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.06.008
Baltzell, K. A., Maglior, A., Bangu, K., Mngadi, N., Prach, L. M., Whittemore, B., Ntshalintshali, N., Saini, M., Dlamini, N., Kunene, S., & Hsiang, M. S. (2019). “We were afraid of the lion that has roared next to us”; Community response to reactive focal mass drug administration for malaria in Eswatini (formerly Swaziland). Malaria Journal, 18(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2877-9
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2877-9
Bannister-Tyrrell, M., Verdonck, K., Hausmann-Muela, S., Gryseels, C., Muela Ribera, J., & Peeters Grietens, K. (2017). Defining micro-epidemiology for malaria elimination: systematic review and meta-analysis. In Malaria Journal (Vol. 16, Issue 1). BioMed Central Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1792-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1792-1
Bennett, A., & Smith, J. L. (2018). Malaria elimination: Lessons from El Salvador. In American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (Vol. 99, Issue 1, pp. 1–2). https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0390 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0390
Blair, S. (2012). Challenges for the elimination of malaria in Colombia: A problem of knowledge or of power. Biomédica, 32(sup1), 131. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v32i0.598
https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v32i0.598
Braz, R. M., & Barcellos, C. (2018). Análise do processo de eliminação da transmissão da malária na Amazônia brasileira com abordagem espacial da variação da incidência da doença em 2016. Epidemiologia e Servicos de Saude: Revista Do Sistema Unico de Saude Do Brasil, 27(3), e2017253. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742018000300010
https://doi.org/10.5123/S1679-49742018000300010
Canese, A. (2017). Eliminación de la malaria, un hecho sin precedentes en la historia de la salud del Paraguay. Revistas. Ins. Gov. Py, 7(1), 5–6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18004/rspp.2017.junio.5-6
Cao, J., Sturrock, H. J. W., Cotter, C., Zhou, S., Zhou, H., Liu, Y., Tang, L., Gosling, R. D., Feachem, R. G. A., & Gao, Q. (2014). Communicating and Monitoring Surveillance and Response Activities for Malaria Elimination: China’s “1-3-7” Strategy. PLoS Medicine, 11(5). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001642
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1001642
Davidyants, V. A., Kondrashin, A. V, Vanyan, A. V, Morozova, L. F., Turbabina, N. A., Stepanova, E. V, Maksimova, M. S., & Morozov, E. N. (2019). Role of malaria partners in malaria elimination in Armenia. Malar J, 18, 178. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2814-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2814-y
de Barrios, E. D., Russomando, G., & del Puerto, F. (2016). Absence of asymptomatic cases of malaria in a historically endemic indigenous locality of the department of caaguazú, paraguay: Moving toward elimination. Revista Da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical, 49(5), 637–640. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0197-2016
https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0197-2016
Depina, A. J., Dia, A. K., De Ascenção Soares Martins, A., Ferreira, M. C., Moreira, A. L., Leal, S. V., Pires, C. M., Moreira, J. M. G., Tavares, M. F., Da Moura, A. J. F., Pereira, J. M., Faye, O., Seck, I., & Niang, E. H. A. (2019). Knowledge, attitudes and practices about malaria in Cabo Verde: A country in the pre-elimination context. BMC Public Health, 19(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7130-5
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-019-7130-5
Dhimal, M., Ahrens, B., & Kuch, U. (2014). Malaria control in Nepal 1963-2012: Challenges on the path towards elimination. Malaria Journal, 13(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-241
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-241
Feng, J., Liu, J., Feng, X., Zhang, L., Xiao, H., & Xia, Z. (2016). Towards malaria elimination: Monitoring and evaluation of the “1-3-7” approach at the China-Myanmar border. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 95(4), 806–810. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.15-0888
https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.15-0888
Feng, J., Zhang, L., Huang, F., Yin, J. H., Tu, H., Xia, Z. G., Zhou, S. Sen, Xiao, N., & Zhou, X. N. (2018). Ready for malaria elimination: Zero indigenous case reported in the People’s Republic of China. Malaria Journal, 17(1), 315. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2444-9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2444-9
Fernando, D., Wijeyaratne, P., Wickremasinghe, R., Abeyasinghe, R. R., Galappaththy, G. N. L., Wickremasinghe, R., Hapugoda, M., Abeywickrema, W. A., & Rodrigo, C. (2018). Use of a public-private partnership in malaria elimination efforts in Sri Lanka; A case study. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3008-y DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3008-y
Ferreira, M. U., & Castro, M. C. (2016). Challenges for malaria elimination in Brazil. In Malaria Journal (Vol. 15, Issue 1, p. 284). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1335-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1335-1
Flores, W., Chang, J., & Barillas, E. (2011). Rapid assessment of the performance of malaria control strategies implemented by countries in the Amazon subregion using adequacy criteria: case study. In Malaria Journal (Vol. 10). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-379
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-10-379
Guerin et al. (2019). Malaria control in India: A national perspective in a regional and global fight to eliminate malaria. In Clinical Infectious Diseases (Vol. 69, Issue 7, pp. 1153–1155).
https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciy1043
Herrera, S., Quiñones, M. L., Quintero, J. P., Corredor, V., Fuller, D. O., Mateus, J. C., Calzada, J. E., Gutierrez, J. B., Llanos, A., Soto, E., Menendez, C., Wu, Y., Alonso, P., Carrasquilla, G., Galinski, M., Beier, J. C., & Arevalo-Herrera, M. (2012). Prospects for malaria elimination in non-Amazonian regions of Latin America. Acta Trop, 121(3), 315–323. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.06.018
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.06.018
Hiwat, H., Hardjopawiro, L. S., Takken, W., & Villegas, L. (2012). Novel strategies lead to pre-elimination of malaria in previously high-risk areas in Suriname, South America. Malaria Journal, 11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-10
https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-10
Hiwat, H., Martínez-López, B., Cairo, H., Hardjopawiro, L., Boerleider, A., Duarte, E. C., & Yadon, Z. E. (2018). Malaria epidemiology in Suriname from 2000 to 2016: Trends, opportunities and challenges for elimination. Malaria Journal, 17(1), 418. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2570-4
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2570-4
Hlongwana, K. W., & Tsoka-Gwegweni, J. (2016). From malaria control to elimination in South Africa: The researchers’ perspectives. African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine, 8(1), e1–e10. https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v8i1.1078 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/phcfm.v8i1.1078
Jamshidi, E., Eftekhar Ardebili, H., Yousefi-Nooraie, R., Raeisi, A., Malekafzali Ardakani, H., Sadeghi, R., Hanafi-Bojd, A. A., & Majdzadeh, R. (2019). A social network analysis on immigrants and refugees access to services in the malaria elimination context. Malaria Journal, 18(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2635-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2635-4
Juárez, J. (2013). Paradigms of the malarial control in Guatemala in the 20th and 21st centuries moving from eradication to elimination. Revista Cubana de Salud Publica, 39(2), 346–353.
Kaehler et al. (2019). The promise, problems and pitfalls of mass drug administration for malaria elimination: a qualitative study with scientists and policymakers. Int Health, 11, 166–176. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihy079
https://doi.org/10.1093/inthealth/ihy079
Kaehler, N., Adhikari, B., Cheah, P. Y., Von Seidlein, L., Day, N. P. J., Paris, D. H., Tanner, M., & Pell, C. (2019). Prospects and strategies for malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Sub-region: A qualitative study. Malaria Journal, 18(1), 203. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2835-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2835-6
Karunaweera, N. D., Galappaththy, G. N., & Wirth, D. F. (2014). On the road to eliminate malaria in Sri Lanka: Lessons from history, challenges, gaps in knowledge and research needs. Malaria Journal, 13(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-59 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-13-59
Kaura, T., Kaur, J., Sharma, A., Dhiman, A., Pangotra, M., Upadhyay, A. K., Grover, G. S., & Sharma, S. K. (2019). Prevalence of submicroscopic malaria in low transmission state of Punjab: A potential threat to malaria elimination. Journal of Vector Borne Diseases, 56(1), 78–84. https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.257780 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/0972-9062.257780
Knudson-Ospina, A., Barreto-Zorza, Y. M., Castillo, C. F., Mosquera, L. Y., Apráez-Ippolito, G., Olaya-Másmela, L. A., Piamba, A. H., & Sanchez, R. (2019). Strategies for malaria elimination: An afro-colombian perspective. Revista de Salud Pública, 21(1), 9–16. https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v21n1.76210 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v21n1.76210
Krisher, L. K., Krisher, J., Ambuludi, M., Arichabala, A., Beltrán-Ayala, E., Navarrete, P., Ordoñez, T., Polhemus, M. E., Quintana, F., Rochford, R., Silva, M., Bazo, J., & Stewart-Ibarra, A. M. (2016). Successful malaria elimination in the Ecuador-Peru border region: epidemiology and lessons learned. Malar J, 15, 573. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1630-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1630-x
León Martínez. (2020). De pandemia a sindemia: mal pronóstico | El Diario de Salud. 29/09/2020. https://eldiariodesalud.com/opinion/de-pandemia-sindemia-mal-pronostico?fbclid=IwAR0tauLnxBUunRTj6oj3y_XdBriZyXMzOGO8JR-WsyprpaI259km_FhqESE
Lourenço, C., Tatem, A. J., Atkinson, P. M., Cohen, J. M., Pindolia, D., Bhavnani, D., & Le Menach, A. (2019). Strengthening surveillance systems for malaria elimination: A global landscaping of system performance, 2015-2017. Malaria Journal, 18(1), 315. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2960-2
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2960-2
Marcelo, H., & Velasco, A. (2021). Trabajo de Investigación Malaria y espacio en el Ecuador del verde de París a la eliminación de la enfermedad. https://repositorio.uasb.edu.ec/bitstream/10644/8216/1/PDSC-005-Aguilar-Malaria.pdf
Mendoza, N. M., Díaz, C. E., Wong, Y. Y., Echeverría, A. E., Guale, D. G., Delgado, R. H., Muñoz, J. M., Solórzano, L. F., Andrade, M. E., Quintero, R. A., Palacios, B. R., Ortega, S. M., Cuero, W. B., & Castillo, J. R. (2019). Evaluación de la calidad del diagnóstico de malaria en la red local de laboratorios y en los laboratorios intermedios en el contexto de la eliminación de la enfermedad en Ecuador. Biomedica: Revista Del Instituto Nacional de Salud, 39(2), 101–116. https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v39i4.4686 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7705/biomedica.v39i4.4686
Moemenbellah-Fard, M. D., Saleh, V., Banafshi, O., & Dabaghmanesh, T. (2012). Malaria elimination trend from a hypo-endemic unstable active focus in southern Iran: Predisposing climatic factors. Pathogens and Global Health, 106(6), 358–365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1179/2047773212Y.0000000049
https://doi.org/10.1179/2047773212Y.0000000049
Molina, K., Caicedo, A., Gaitán, A., Herrera, M., Arce, M. I., Vallejo, A. F., Padilla, J., Chaparro, P., Pacheco, M. A., Escalante, A. A., Arevalo, M., & Herrera, S. (2017). Characterizing the malaria rural-to-urban transmission interface: The importance of reactive case detection. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 11(7). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005780
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0005780
Muñoz, M. (2017). The road to malaria elimination in Paraguay. Memorias Del Instituto de Investigaciones En Ciencias de La Salud, 15(2), 3–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2017.015(02)03-005
https://doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2017.015(02)03-005
Murillo, O. L., Padilla, J. C., Escobar, J. P., & Morales, C. A. (2018). Desafíos hacia la eliminación de la malaria urbana/peri en Guapi (Colombia), 2016. Entramado, 14(2), 272–284. https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-3803/entramado.2.4765 DOI: https://doi.org/10.18041/1900-3803/entramado.2.4765
Naciones Unidas. (2015). Salud - Desarrollo Sostenible. https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/es/health/
Navarrete Hernández, E., Canún Serrano, S., Reyes Pablo, A. E., del Carmen Sierra Romero, M., & Valdés Hernández wwwmedigraphicorgmx, J. (2013). La malaria en méxico. progresos y desafíos hacia su eliminación Challenges and progress in the elimination of malaria in Mexico. In Boletín Médico del Hospital Infantil de México (Vol. 70, Issue 6).
OMS. (2015a). Estrategia técnica mundial contra la Malaria 2016–2030. OMS, 35.
http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/9789241564991/es/
OMS. (2015b). Estrategia Técnica Mundial Contra La Malaria 2016–2030. Organización Mundial de La Salud, 35.
http://www.who.int/malaria/publications/atoz/9789241564991/es/
OMS. (2017). OMS | Marco para la eliminación de la malaria. In WHO. World Health Organization. https://www.paho.org/es/documentos/marco-para-eliminacion-malaria-2017-0
OMS. (2018). Impacto de la malaria. Mantener el rumbo a primera vista.
https://www.paho.org/es/file/50464/download?token=1035_eR3
OMS. (2019). OMS | El Informe mundial sobre el paludismo 2019 de un vistazo. 4 de diciembre de 2019; World Health Organization.
https://www.who.int/malaria/media/world-malaria-report-2019/es/
OMS. (2020). Informe mundial 2020 sobre el paludismo. https://www.who.int/docs/default-source/malaria/world-malaria-reports/world-malaria-report-2020-briefing-kit-sp.pdf?sfvrsn=a6de03a5_11
Oo, W. H., Gold, L., Moore, K., Agius, P. A., & Fowkes, F. J. I. (2019). The impact of community-delivered models of malaria control and elimination: A systematic review. In Malaria Journal (Vol. 18, Issue 1, p. 269). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2900-1 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2900-1
OPS. (2019). Actualización epidemiológica Malaria en las Américas. https://iris.paho.org/bitstream/handle/10665.2/51849/EpiUpdate18November2019_spa.pdf?sequence2&isAllowed=y
Organización Mundial de la Salud. (2020). La iniciativa E-2020 para los 21 países que están en vías de eliminación del paludismo. Informe sobre el progreso 2019.
Peña-Sánchez, E. R. (2019). Eliminación de la malaria en el Perú. Revista Del Cuerpo Médico Del HNAAA, 12(1), 4–5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2019.121.476
https://doi.org/10.35434/rcmhnaaa.2019.121.476
Raman, J., Morris, N., Frean, J., Brooke, B., Blumberg, L., Kruger, P., Mabusa, A., Raswiswi, E., Shandukani, B., Misani, E., Groepe, M. A., & Moonasar, D. (2016). Reviewing South Africa’s malaria elimination strategy (2012-2018): Progress, challenges and priorities. Malaria Journal, 15(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1497-x
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1497-x
Recht, J., Siqueira, A. M., Monteiro, W. M., Herrera, S. M., Herrera, S., & Lacerda, M. V. G. (2017). Malaria in Brazil, Colombia, Peru and Venezuela: Current challenges in malaria control and elimination. Malaria Journal, 16(1), 273. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1925-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1925-6
Rodríguez, M., en Parasit Méd, D., Francisco Betanzos-Reyes, Á., en, D. S., Antonio Marenco, J., Polanco, J., Bautista, K., Miranda, A., Sánchez-López, A., Torres, P., Alemán, J., Ordóñez, M., Salgado-Elvir, L. J., Martín-Sinclair, I., Carrillo, W., Marín, R., Luis Garcés, J., González, Ó., Victoria, C., … Ignacio Arredondo-Jiménez, J. (2011). Plan de mejoramiento del control de la malaria hacia su eliminación en Mesoamérica. Salud Pública de México. https://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/spm/v53s3/a07v53s3.pdf
Rosenthal, P. J., John, C. C., & Rabinovich, N. R. (2019). Perspective Piece Malaria: How Are We Doing and How Can We Do Better? In Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg (Vol. 100, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0997 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0997
Ruktanonchai, N. W., Bhavnani, D., Sorichetta, A., Bengtsson, L., Carter, K. H., Córdoba, R. C., Le Menach, A., Lu, X., Wetter, E., Zu Erbach-Schoenberg, E., & Tatem, A. J. (2016). Census-derived migration data as a tool for informing malaria elimination policy. Malaria Journal, 15(1), 273. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1315-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1315-5
Singh, N., Bharti, P. K., & Kumre, N. S. (2016). Active v. passive surveillance for malaria in remote tribal belt of Central India: Implications for malaria elimination. Pathogens and Global Health, 110(4–5), 178–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/20477724.2016.1223920 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20477724.2016.1223920
Smith Gueye, C., Newby, G., Gosling, R. D., Whittaker, M. A., Chandramohan, D., Slutsker, L., & Tanner, M. (2016). Strategies and approaches to vector control in nine malaria-eliminating countries: A cross-case study analysis. Malaria Journal, 15(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-1054-z
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-1054-z
Smith, J. L., Ghimire, P., Rijal, K. R., Maglior, A., Hollis, S., Andrade-Pacheco, R., Das Thakur, G., Adhikari, N., Thapa Shrestha, U., Banjara, M. R., Lal, B. K., Jacobson, J. O., & Bennett, A. (2019). Designing malaria surveillance strategies for mobile and migrant populations in Nepal: A mixed-methods study. Malaria Journal, 18(1), 158. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2791-1
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-019-2791-1
Teboh-Ewungkem, M. I., & Ngwa, G. A. (2021). COVID-19 in malaria-endemic regions: potential consequences for malaria intervention coverage, morbidity, and mortality. In The Lancet Infectious Diseases (Vol. 21, Issue 1, pp. 5–6). Lancet Publishing Group. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30763-5
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30763-5
Valero, M. V., Tanner, M., Muñoz, S., & Valero, J. F. (2017). Proporción de fiebre atribuible a malaria en Colombia: Indicadores potenciales para el seguimiento hacia la eliminación. Revista de Salud Pública, 19(1), 81–90. https://doi.org/10.15446/rsap.v19n1.55933
Vallejo, A. F., Chaparro, P. E., Benavides, Y., Álvarez, Á., Quintero, J. P., Padilla, J., Arévalo-Herrera, M., & Herrera, S. (2015). High prevalence of sub-microscopic infections in Colombia. Malaria Journal, 14(1), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0711-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-015-0711-6
Van Eer, E. D., Bretas, G., & Hiwat, H. (2018). Decreased endemic malaria in Suriname: Moving towards elimination. Malaria Journal, 17(1), 56. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2204-x
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-018-2204-x
Wang, D., Cotter, C., Sun, X., Bennett, A., Gosling, R. D., & Xiao, N. (2017). Adapting the local response for malaria elimination through evaluation of the 1-3-7 system performance in the China-Myanmar border region. Malaria Journal, 16(1), 1–10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1707-1
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-017-1707-1
Wangdi, K., Banwell, C., Gatton, M. L., Kelly, G. C., Namgay, R., & Clements, A. C. (2016). Development and evaluation of a spatial decision support system for malaria elimination in Bhutan. Malaria Journal, 15(1), 180. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1235-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12936-016-1235-4
Yin, J. hai, Yang, M. ni, Zhou, S. sen, Wang, Y., Feng, J., & Xia, Z. gui. (2013). Changing Malaria Transmission and Implications in China towards National Malaria Elimination Programme between 2010 and 2012. PLoS ONE, 8(9). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074228
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0074228
Zhang, S. Sen, Zhou, S. Sen, Zhou, Z. Bin, Chen, T. M., Wang, X. Z., Shi, W. Q., Jiang, W. K., Li, J. L., Zhou, X. N., Frutos, R., Manguin, S., & Afelt, A. (2018). Monitoring of malaria vectors at the China-Myanmar border while approaching malaria elimination. Parasites and Vectors, 11(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3073-4
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3073-4
Zoghi, S., Mehrizi, A. A., Raeisi, A., Haghdoost, A. A., Turki, H., Safari, R., Kahanali, A. A., & Zakeri, S. (2012). Survey for asymptomatic malaria cases in low transmission settings of Iran under elimination programme. Malaria Journal, 11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1475-2875-11-126
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Andrea Paola Perdomo Ruiz, Mónica Jimenez, Gabriel Carrasquilla
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The rights of the work belong to the author or authors, however, by sending it for publication in the Public Health and Nutrition Magazine of the Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition of the Autonomous University of Nuevo León, they grant the right for its first publication in between electronic, and possibly, in print to the Public Health and Nutrition Magazine. The license used is the Creative Commons attribution, which allows third parties to use what is published whenever the authorship of the work is mentioned and the first publication that is in the Public Health and Nutrition Magazine. Likewise, the author or authors will take into account that it will not be allowed to send the publication to any other journal, regardless of the format. The authors will be able to make other independent and additional contractual agreements for the non-exclusive distribution of the version of the article published in the Public Health and Nutrition Magazine (e.g., institutional repository or publication in a book) provided they clearly state that The work was published for the first time in the Public Health Magazine, Magazine of the Faculty of Public Health and Nutrition of the Autonomous University of Nuevo León.
