ESTRÉS, ANSIEDAD Y DEPRESIÓN DE LOS PADRES Y MANIFESTACIONES ORALES DE SUS HIJOS CON SÍNDROME DE DOWN
Abstract
RESUMEN
Introducción: Los pacientes con síndrome de Down presentan regularmente una mala higiene oral y alta incidencia de enfermedad periodontal. En los primeros años de desarrollo se observa que la presencia de dificultad de habilidad cognitiva, lingüística y de comportamiento, son contribuidas a los cambios de los niveles del estrés en las madres. En el presente trabajo se analizó la relación de las manifestaciones orales, como el índice de higiene oral simplificado, así como los índices CPOD y CEOD de los pacientes en relación al estrés, ansiedad y depresión de la madre o padre. Metodología: Estudio observacional, analítico, descriptivo y transversal en pacientes con síndrome de Down menores de 17 años, se les realizó un examen bucodental a través de una ficha epidemiológica oral y la aplicación de cuestionarios de datos generales, ansiedad, estrés y depresión de los padres. Resultados: De los pacientes de 3 a 5 años, el 41.18% tienen buena higiene oral, con regular higiene oral el 57.14%. Existe relación entre la edad y la higiene oral de los pacientes (p=0.015). Se analizaron los niveles de estrés (p=0.342), ansiedad (p=0.796) y depresión (p=0.620) de los padres en relación a la higiene oral. No existe diferencia entre los niveles de ansiedad, estrés y depresión y la higiene oral de los pacientes con piezas temporales (p>0.05) ni en piezas permanentes (p>0.05). Conclusiones: La ansiedad, depresión y estrés de los padres no son factores relacionados con las manifestaciones orales de sus hijos con Síndrome Down.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Patients with Down syndrome have regularly poor oral hygiene and a high incidence of periodontal disease. In the early years of development of these patients, it is observed that the presence of difficulty of cognitive, language and behavioral skills, are contributed to changes in the levels of stress in mothers. In this paper, the relationship of oral manifestations, such as simplified oral hygiene index, the CPOD and CEOD rates of patients in relation to stress, anxiety and depression of the mother or father was analyzed. Methodology: An observational, analytical, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with Down syndrome under age 17 who underwent a dental examination through an oral epidemiological investigation and application of questionnaires of general data for the anxiety, stress and parental depression. Results: The group of 3 to 5 years of age have a good oral hygiene with an average of 41.18 %, while those who had regular oral hygiene, 57.14 % were in this same age group. It was possible to see that there is a relationship between age and oral hygiene of patients (p=0.015). Stress levels (p=0.342), anxiety (p=0.796) and depression (p=0.620) of parents regarding oral hygiene were analyzed . It also was determined that there is no difference between the levels of anxiety, stress and depression and oral hygiene of patients with temporal parts (p>0.05) or permanent teeth (p>0.05). Conclusion: Anxiety, depression and stress of parents are not factors related to oral manifestations of children with Down syndrome.
Palabras claves: Manifestaciones orales, higiene oral, ansiedad, depresión, estrés, síndrome Down, Oral manifestations, oral hygiene, anxiety, depression, stress, Down syndrome
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References
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