Food security and job position in the pandemic context of COVID-19 in Mexico

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29105/respyn21.3-1

Keywords:

Food security, Job position, COVID-19, Mexico, Socioeconomic conditions

Abstract

Introduction: Food security is an issue linked to the development of individuals, households and societies. However, it is a multidimensional concept that is sensitive to social, economic or health factors. Employment position is a decisive aspect of the financial resources that a person, family or household has to face food insecurity. Objective: To identify, in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, the effects that the job position of the head of the household had on the food security of households in Mexico. Materials and methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study, based on data from the National Survey of Health and Nutrition Continuous COVID-19. Using ordinal logistic regressions, the effect of the job position of the head of the household on food insecurity was estimated, adjusting for characteristics of the head of the household such as gender, education or if he or she is elderly, as well as household characteristics such as household size, locality and region of the country. Results: Households whose head was working as a worker, day laborer or laborer are more likely to experience food insecurity than households with a head who works as a boss. or employer. Conclusion: It is essential that governments develop policies focused on food security in sectors of the population that are socially vulnerable such as workers, day laborers or peons.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Metrics

Metrics Loading ...

Author Biographies

Eréndira Fierro Moreno, Facultad de Contaduría y Administración de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

Doctora en Ciencias Económico Administrativas por la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. 

Profesora de Tiempo Completo de la Facultad de Contaduría y Administración de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México.

Daniel Lozano Keymolen, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México

Doctor en Estudios de Población por El Colegio de México A.C.

Profesor de Tiempo Completo de la Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México.

References

Aguilar-Estrada, A. E., Caamal-Cauich, I., Barrios-Puente, G., y Ortíz-Rosales, M. A. (2019). ¿Hambre en México? Una alternativa metodológica para medir la seguridad alimentaria. Estudios Sociales, 29(53), 2-26. https://doi.org/10.24836/es.v29i53.625 DOI: https://doi.org/10.24836/es.v29i53.625

CONACYT. (2021). Covid-19 México. Información General. Consultado el 4 de marzo de 2022 en https://datos.covid-19.conacyt.mx/

CONEVAL. (2021). Pobreza en México. Resultados de pobreza en México 2020 a nivel nacional y por entidades federativas. Recuperado de https://www.coneval.org.mx/Medicion/MP/Paginas/Pobreza_2020.aspx

Cuevas-Nasu, L., Rivera-Dommarco, J. A., Shamah-Levy, T., Mundo-Rosas, V. y Méndez-Gómez Humarán, I. (2014). Inseguridad alimentaria y estado de nutrición en menores de cinco años de edad en México. Salud Pública de México, 56, sup. I, S47-S53. http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/spm/v56s1/v56s1a8.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/spm.v56s1.5165

Éliás, B. A., y Jámbor, A. (2021). Food security and COVID-19: A systematic review fo the first-year experience. Sustainability, 13, 5294, https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095294 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095294

FAO. (2011). Una introducción a los conceptos básicos de la seguridad alimentaria. Recuperado de http://www.fao.org/publications/card/es/c/495e24c2-5e59-59dc-b70f-6c9b077c5ace/

FAO. (2021). Hambre e inseguridad alimentaria. Consultado en http://www.fao.org/hunger/es/

FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP y WHO. (2021). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021. Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all. Roma, FAO. https://doi.org/10.4060/cb4474en

Gaitán-Rossi, P., Vilar-Compte, M., Teruel, G. y Pérez-Escamilla, R. (2020). Food insecurity measurement and prevalence estimates during the COVID-19 pandemic in a repeated cross-sectional survey in Mexico. Public Health Nutrition, 24(3), 412-421. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7653232/ DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980020004000

Gkiouras, K., Cheristanidis, S., Papailia, T. D., Grammatikopoulou, M. G., Karamitsios, N., Goulis, D. G., y Papamitsou, T. (2020). Malnutrition and food insecurity might pose a double burden for older Adults. Nutrients, 12(8), 2407. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082407 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12082407

Milovanska-Farrington, S. (2021). Job loss and food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. IZA DP No. 14273. Recuperado de https://docs.iza.org/dp14273.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3823640

Monroy-Torres, R., Castillo-Chávez, A., Carcaño-Valencia, E., Hernández-Luna, M., Caldera-Ortega, A., Serafín-Muñoz, A., Linares-Segovia, B., Medina-Jiménez, K., Jiménez-Garza, O., Méndez-Pérez, M., y López-Briones, S. (2021). Food security, environmental health, and economy in Mexico: lessons learned with the COVID-19. Sustainability, 13(13), 7470. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137470 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su13137470

Mundo-Rosas, V., Shamah-Levy, T., y Rivera-Dommarco, J. A., Grupo de Seguridad Alimentaria en México. (2013). Epidemiología de la seguridad alimentaria en México. Salud Pública de México, 55, sup. 2, S206-S213. http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/spm/v55s2/v55s2a18.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/spm.v55s2.5117

Mundo-Rosas, V., Méndez-Gómez Humarán, I., y Shamah-Levy, T. (2014). Caracterización de los hogares mexicanos en inseguridad alimentaria. Salud Pública de México, 56, sup. 1, S12-S20. http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/spm/v56s1/v56s1a4.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/spm.v56s1.5161

Mundo-Rosas, V., Vizuet-Veja, N. I., Martínez-Domínguez, J., Morales-Ruán, M. C., Pérez-Escamilla, R. y Shamah-Levy T. (2018). Evolución de la inseguridad alimentaria en los hogares mexicanos: 2012-2016. Salud Pública de México, 60, 309-318. http://doi.org/10.21149/8809 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/8809

Mundo-Rosas, V., Unar-Munguía, M., Hernández-F, M., Pérez-Escamilla, R. y Shamah-Levy T. (2019). La inseguridad alimentaria en los hogares en pobreza de México: una mirada desde el acceso, la disponibilidad y el consumo. Salud Pública de México, 61, 866-875. http://doi.org/10.21149/10579 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/10579

Pereira, M., y Oliveira, A. M. (2020). Poverty and food insecurity may increase as the threat of COVID-19 spreads. Public Health Nutrition, 23(17), 3236-3240. doi:10.1017/S1368980020003493 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980020003493

Pérez-Zepeda, M. U., Castrejón-Pérez, R. C., Wynne-Bannister, E. y García-Peña, C. (2016). Frailty and food insecurity in older adults. Public Health Nutrition, 19(15), 2844-2849. http://repositorio.inger.gob.mx/jspui/bitstream/20.500.12100/17136/1/frailty_and_food_insecurity_in_older_adults.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980016000987

Ribeiro-Silva, R. C., Pereira, M., Campello, T., Aragão, É., Guimarães, J., Ferreira, A. J., Barreto, M. L., y Santos, S. (2020). Covid-19 pandemic implications for food and nutrition security in Brazil. Implicações da pandemia COVID-19 para a segurança alimentar e nutricional no Brasil. Ciencia & Saude Coletiva, 25(9), 3421–3430. https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020259.22152020 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020259.22152020

Rivera-Márquez, J. A., Mundo-Rosas, V., Cuevas-Nasu, L. y Pérez-Escamilla, R. (2014). Inseguridad alimentaria en el hogar y estado de nutrición en personas adultas mayores de México. Salud Pública de México, 56, sup. I, S71-S78. https://saludpublica.mx/index.php/spm/article/view/5168/4994 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/spm.v56s1.5168

Rodríguez-Ramírez, S., Gaona-Pineda, E. B., Martínez-Tapia, B., Romero-Martínez, M., Mundo-Rosas, V. y Shamah-Levy, T. (2021). Salud Pública de México, 63, 763-772. https://doi.org/10.21149/12790 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/12790

Romero-Martínez, M., Barrientos-Gutiérrez, T., Cuevas-Nasu, L., Bautista-Arredondo, S., Colchero, A., Gaona-Pineda, E. B., Lazcano-Ponce, E., Martínez-Barnetche, J., Alpuche-Aranda, C., Rivera-Dommarco, J. y Shamah-Levy, T. (2021). Metodología de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020 sobre Covid-19. Salud Pública de México, 63, 444-451. https://doi.org/10.21149/12580 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/12580

Tester, J. M., Rosas, L. G., y Leung, C. W. (2020). Food insecurity and pediatric obesity: A double whammy in the era of COVID-19. Current Obesity Reports, 9(4), 442-450. doi: 10.1007/s13679-020-00413-x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13679-020-00413-x

Torres González, L. G. (2019). “El acceso alimentario como indicador de calidad de la democracia em México: una comparación de tres metodologías de medición”. En Rubio, B, y Pasquier, A. (compiladoras). Inseguridad alimentaria y políticas de alivio a la pobreza. Una visión multidisciplinaria (pp. 131 - 160). Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México – Instituto de Investigaciones Sociales.

Urquía-Fernández, N. (2014). La seguridad alimentaria en México. Salud Pública de México, 56, sup. I, S92-S98. http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/spm/v56s1/v56s1a14.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/spm.v56s1.5171

Vilar-Compte, M., Gaitán-Rossi, P., Flores, D., Pérez-Cirera, V. & Teruel, G. (2019). How do context variables affect food insecurity in Mexico? Implications for policy and governance. Public Health Nutrition, 23(13), 2445-2452. doi:10.1017/S1368980019003082 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980019003082

Villagómez-Ornelas, P., Hernández-López, P., Carrasco-Enríquez, B., Barrios-Sánchez, K., Pérez-Escamilla, R. & Melgar-Quiñones, H. (2014). Validez estadística de la Escala Mexicana de Seguridad Alimentaria y la Escala Latinoamericana y Caribeña de Seguridad Alimentaria. Salud Pública de México, 56, sup. I, S5-S11. http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/spm/v56s1/v56s1a3.pdf DOI: https://doi.org/10.21149/spm.v56s1.5160

Williams, R. (2006). Generalized ordered logit/partial proportional odds models for ordinal dependent variables. The Stata Journal, 6(1), 58-82. https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X0600600104 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1536867X0600600104

Wolfson, J. A., & Leung, C. W. (2020). Food insecurity during COVID-19: An acute crisis with long-term health implications. American Journal of Public Health, 110(12), 1763-1765. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2020.305953 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305953

Published

2022-07-04

How to Cite

Fierro Moreno, E., & Lozano Keymolen, D. (2022). Food security and job position in the pandemic context of COVID-19 in Mexico. RESPYN Revista Salud Pública Y Nutrición, 21(3), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.29105/respyn21.3-1

Issue

Section

Artículo Original