Umbrales del beneficio a la salud - actividad física y contaminación del aire: Una revisión sistemática.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29105/respyn23.3-797Palabras clave:
contaminación del aire, actividad física, salud públicaResumen
Introducción: La contaminación aérea es un problema global que afecta la salud de millones de personas. Por otro lado, la actividad física se presenta como un factor protector para la misma, pero surge la incógnita sobre su eficacia en entornos con alta contaminación aérea. Objetivo: Explorar el umbral en el que la actividad física al aire libre pasa a ser detrimental. Material y Método: Se realizó una revisión sistemática basada en los lineamientos PRISMA, donde se revisó la relación entre la actividad física y la contaminación aérea en países en desarrollo. Resultados: Se identificaron 11 estudios, principalmente en China, que analizaban esta relación. Cinco estudios encontraron que la actividad física era beneficiosa para la salud, mientras que otros cinco establecieron niveles de contaminación a partir de los cuales la actividad física al aire libre se volvía perjudicial. Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren que la relación entre actividad física y contaminación aérea depende de los niveles específicos de contaminantes. Integrar estos resultados para hacer recomendaciones amplias es complejo debido a la diversidad de contaminantes y sus efectos en la salud, así como la imposibilidad de calcular la exposición personalizada. Se enfatiza la necesidad de intervenciones de política pública para reducir la contaminación aérea y proteger la salud de la población.
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Derechos de autor 2024 Manuel Romero Padron, Yarinka Verushka Hernández García, Pilar Gonzalez Amarante
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