La obesidad desde la perspectiva de la selección de alimentos.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29105/respyn18.1-4Keywords:
Obesidad, alimentación, aprendizaje social.Abstract
La obesidad es un problema de salud a nivel mundial, así como en México. La iniciación de la alimentación se ha estudiado desde la perspectiva de la homeostasis. El aprendizaje es un mecanismo de adaptación que permite la regulación de la alimentación en ausencia de señales de error, como lo implican las estrategias basadas en perturbaciones de las variables reguladas homeostáticamente y provee un mecanismo flexible y dinámico especialmente en ambientes predecibles. En el aprendizaje de preferencias alimenticias, el sabor del alimento se asocia con sus efectos. La selección de alimentos tiene una base en la influencia social y puede proveer estrategias para controlar la obesidad mediante la limitación en la cantidad de carbohidratos consumidos. Se ha encontrado que las dietas bajas en carbohidratos producen una disminución de peso mayor que la limitación del contenido de grasa en la dieta. En las dietas bajas en carbohidratos, una variedad de éstas que se ha encontrado efectiva en reducción de peso es la dieta cetogénica. La selección de alimentos mediada socialmente puede ayudar a resolver el problema de la obesidad causada por el consumo excesivo de carbohidratos mediante la influencia activa para seleccionar alimentos de una lista.
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